| PETRONAS Groupwide Business GHG Emissions - Operational Control |
Unit
|
2021
|
2022
|
2023
|
2024
|
2025
|
|
Total GHG Emissions (Scope 1 and 2)
|
|
PETRONAS
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
51.58
|
54.10
|
54.24
|
55.71
|
55.57
|
|
Breakdown by Region
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Malaysia1
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
49.08
|
50.63
|
49.84
|
50.71
|
51.02
|
|
International
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
2.51
|
3.48
|
4.40
|
5.00
|
4.55
|
|
By Business
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upstream
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
13.89
|
13.62
|
12.88
|
13.91
|
15.96
|
|
Gas and Maritime
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
26.15
|
28.01
|
28.03
|
27.80
|
25.70
|
|
Gas
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
21.96
|
23.76
|
23.87
|
23.95
|
22.41
|
|
Maritime
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
4.19
|
4.24
|
4.16
|
3.85
|
3.29
|
|
Downstream
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
11.28
|
12.19
|
13.04
|
13.69
|
13.65
|
|
Corporate and Others2
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.26
|
0.28
|
0.29
|
0.31
|
0.26
|
|
|
|
Scope 1
|
|
Scope 1 - Direct GHG Emissions
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
50.66
|
53.17
|
53.30
|
54.94
|
54.66
|
|
Breakdown by Region
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Malaysia
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
48.40
|
49.90
|
49.10
|
49.95
|
50.25
|
|
International
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
2.26
|
3.27
|
4.20
|
5.00
|
4.41
|
|
Breakdown by Business
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upstream
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
13.84
|
13.56
|
12.82
|
13.85
|
15.91
|
|
Gas and Maritime
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
26.04
|
27.88
|
27.91
|
27.67
|
25.54
|
|
Gas
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
21.88
|
23.68
|
23.79
|
23.86
|
22.30
|
|
Maritime
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
4.16
|
4.20
|
4.12
|
3.81
|
3.24
|
|
Downstream
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
10.70
|
11.64
|
12.48
|
13.32
|
13.12
|
|
Corporate & Others2
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.09
|
0.09
|
0.09
|
0.09
|
0.09
|
|
Breakdown by GHG type
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carbon Dioxide
|
million tonnes CO2
|
44.38
|
47.49
|
47.82
|
50.39
|
51.41
|
|
Methane
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
242.34
|
217.90
|
208.68
|
171.62
|
98.32
|
|
Nitrous Oxide
|
thousand tonnes N2O
|
0.78
|
0.86
|
0.90
|
0.88
|
1.18
|
|
By Sources
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combustion
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
32.15
|
34.07
|
29.27
|
31.63
|
31.33
|
|
Carbon Dioxide
|
million tonnes CO2
|
31.96
|
33.87
|
28.97
|
31.30
|
31.00
|
|
Methane
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
2.36
|
2.26
|
6.24
|
7.15
|
6.16
|
|
Nitrous Oxide
|
thousand tonnes N2O
|
0.45
|
0.50
|
0.50
|
0.51
|
0.51
|
|
Flaring3
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
7.11
|
7.87
|
8.49
|
9.31
|
12.08
|
|
Carbon Dioxide
|
million tonnes CO2
|
6.49
|
7.18
|
7.73
|
8.55
|
11.02
|
|
Methane
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
23.82
|
27.20
|
28.91
|
28.80
|
31.40
|
|
Nitrous Oxide
|
thousand tonnes N2O
|
0.12
|
0.13
|
0.15
|
0.15
|
0.49
|
|
Venting
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
4.98
|
3.86
|
2.50
|
1.60
|
1.80
|
|
Carbon Dioxide
|
million tonnes CO2
|
1.31
|
1.07
|
0.89
|
0.79
|
0.79
|
|
Methane
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
147.04
|
111.68
|
64.05
|
32.27
|
34.06
|
|
Fugitive Emissions
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
1.63
|
1.81
|
2.39
|
2.35
|
0.39
|
|
Carbon Dioxide
|
million tonnes CO2
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.00
|
|
Methane
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
64.14
|
71.55
|
94.62
|
93.39
|
13.17
|
|
Others Sources4
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
4.79
|
5.56
|
10.65
|
10.05
|
9.06
|
|
Carbon Dioxide
|
million tonnes CO2
|
4.60
|
5.36
|
10.21
|
9.74
|
8.60
|
|
Methane
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
4.98
|
5.21
|
14.86
|
10.01
|
13.53
|
|
Nitrous Oxide
|
thousand tonnes N2O
|
0.22
|
0.24
|
0.25
|
0.22
|
0.18
|
|
|
|
Scope 25
|
|
Scope 2 - Indirect GHG emissions
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.92
|
0.93
|
0.94
|
0.77
|
0.91
|
|
Breakdown by Region
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Malaysia
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.68
|
0.73
|
0.74
|
0.76
|
0.76
|
|
International
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.24
|
0.20
|
0.20
|
0.01
|
0.14
|
|
Breakdown by Business
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upstream
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.06
|
0.06
|
0.06
|
0.05
|
0.05
|
|
Gas and Maritime
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.11
|
0.13
|
0.12
|
0.13
|
0.16
|
|
Gas
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.08
|
0.08
|
0.08
|
0.08
|
0.11
|
|
Maritime
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.04
|
0.04
|
0.04
|
0.05
|
0.05
|
|
Downstream
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.58
|
0.55
|
0.55
|
0.37
|
0.53
|
|
Corporate and Others2
|
million tonnes CO2e
|
0.17
|
0.19
|
0.20
|
0.22
|
0.17
|
|
Notes:
-
For 2025, PETRONAS Malaysia Core Business Operations under operational control (excluding Maritime, Corporate and Others) account for 47.46 million tonnes CO₂e.
-
Corporate & Others refers to KLCC Holdings Sdn Bhd.
-
Flaring numbers refer to total flaring that includes routine, non-routine and safety flaring from all assets in Upstream, Gas and Downstream. The total flaring increases in 2025 due to increase of production, commissioning of new assets and operatorship transfers.
-
Other GHG emissions sources include emissions from activities such as acid gas removal, glycol dehydrator, mobile and transportation, refrigerant and others.
-
Scope 2 refers to indirect emissions from purchased energy, such as electricity, steam and cooling.
GHG emissions data for 2025 are calculated based on the latest American Petroleum Institute (API) Compendium (2021) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report. Meanwhile, historical GHG emissions data are calculated based on the American Petroleum Institute (API) Compendium 2009 and IPCC Fourth Assessment Report.
Figures are rounded to two decimal points; therefore, totals may not sum exactly due to rounding.
|
|
|
| PETRONAS GHG Emissions Intensity - Operational Control |
Unit
|
2021
|
2022
|
2023
|
2024
|
2025
|
|
GHG Intensity1,2 by Business
|
|
Upstream
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
tonnes CO2e per kboe
|
44.71
|
36.11
|
33.80
|
34.91
|
33.31
|
|
Malaysia Assets
|
tonnes CO2e per kboe
|
50.14
|
42.77
|
37.27
|
38.62
|
38.75
|
|
International Assets
|
tonnes CO2e per kboe
|
28.23
|
24.11
|
28.31
|
29.79
|
23.89
|
|
Gas
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LNG (PLC and PFLNG)3
|
tonnes CO2e per tonnes
|
0.65
|
0.64
|
0.75
|
0.64
|
0.60
|
|
Downstream
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Refineries
|
tonnes CO2e per barrel
|
0.018
|
0.021
|
0.019
|
0.020
|
0.020
|
|
Petrochemicals
|
tonnes CO2e per tonnes
|
0.60
|
0.57
|
0.62
|
0.66
|
0.65
|
|
Malaysia
|
tonnes CO2e per tonnes
|
0.60
|
0.57
|
0.62
|
0.66
|
0.66
|
|
International4,5
|
tonnes CO2e per tonnes
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.45
|
|
Notes:
-
Numerator for GHG intensity is a summation of Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions.
-
This intensity covers CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions, reported as total tCO2e.
-
PLC refres to PETRONAS LNG Complex and PFLNG refers to PETRONAS Floating Liquefied Natural Gas.
-
Intensity data for International Petrochemical covers BRB International B.V. and Perstorp Holding AB.
-
First year of reporting in 2025; therefore, data for prior years is not available.
|
|
|
| PETRONAS Methane Emissions Breakdown by Business and Source - Operational Control (excluding Corporate & Others) |
Unit
|
2021
|
2022
|
2023
|
2024
|
2025
|
|
Methane Emissions
|
|
Total Methane Emissions1
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
242.34
|
217.90
|
208.68
|
171.62
|
98.32
|
|
Breakdown by Business
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upstream
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
175.18
|
143.87
|
123.05
|
93.67
|
66.67
|
|
Gas and Maritime
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
54.95
|
61.61
|
72.39
|
66.54
|
18.81
|
|
Gas
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
51.03
|
58.57
|
68.22
|
64.38
|
16.98
|
|
Maritime
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
3.92
|
3.04
|
4.17
|
2.17
|
1.83
|
|
Downstream
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
12.22
|
12.42
|
13.24
|
11.40
|
12.84
|
|
Breakdown by Region
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Malaysia
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
235.46
|
208.55
|
180.84
|
141.33
|
84.77
|
|
International
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
6.89
|
9.34
|
27.84
|
30.29
|
13.54
|
|
Breakdown by Sources
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Combustion
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
2.36
|
2.26
|
6.24
|
7.15
|
6.16
|
|
Flare
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
23.82
|
27.20
|
28.91
|
28.80
|
31.40
|
|
Vent
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
147.04
|
111.68
|
64.05
|
32.27
|
34.06
|
|
Fugitive Emissions
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
64.14
|
71.55
|
94.62
|
93.39
|
13.17
|
|
Others1
|
thousand tonnes CH4
|
4.98
|
5.21
|
14.86
|
10.01
|
13.53
|
|
Notes:
-
The 2021 to 2024 methane emissions have been restated following the inclusion of methane emissions from Maritime which form part of Gas and Maritime business.
|
|
|
|
|